Are the senses of smell and taste affected?

ALS generally does not affect sensory functions. Nevertheless, the senses of smell and taste may be impaired. For example, dysphagia can alter the amount of saliva, the length of time food remains in the mouth, or even the composition of the food. Paralysis of the pharyngeal muscles and the soft palate can alter airflow and air pressure in the nasopharyngeal cavity in such a way that taste and smell are affected. The sense of taste is influenced (in addition to the receptors on the tongue) by the sense of smell and air circulation in the mouth and throat.

As a swallowing disorder progresses, it can lead to a troublesome buildup of saliva, nasal secretions, and food debris, which can cause “bad breath” (foetor ex ore). This symptom can be prevented or significantly reduced through consistent oral hygiene. Specialized pharmacies can prepare custom-formulated tinctures suitable for cleaning the oral cavity. These contain antibacterial and mucolytic ingredients, as well as oils and herbal components that can help improve the sense of taste and smell.