What does “obstruction” mean?

Obstruction refers to the narrowing of the airways due to muscle weakness or stiffness (spasticity) of the tongue, pharynx, or larynx. A swallowing disorder (dysphagia) can lead to an accumulation of saliva in the throat (sialorrhea), which can also cause obstruction. Due to respiratory weakness (hypoventilation) and a weakened cough (cough deficiency), bronchial secretions can no longer be adequately cleared from the lungs, thereby contributing to bronchial obstruction.

Speech therapy can help patients learn to coordinate their breathing and swallowing more consciously, thereby reducing the risk of upper airway obstruction while eating. Obstruction caused by saliva is reduced through the use of salivary-reducing medications. In some cases, oral suction pumps may be used to mobilize secretions in the back of the throat. Mask ventilation and the regular use of “cough assist devices” are established methods for preventing or reducing the buildup of bronchial secretions (secretory obstruction).